Overview
Medically reviewed by Dr. Rabeya Afroz Shomi
What is Primary Amenorrhoea?
What are the kinds of Primary Amenorrhoea?
What is the foremost common explanation for primary amenorrhea?
What is the foremost common explanation for Secondary amenorrhea?
What are the symptoms of Primary Amenorrhoea?
What are the treatment of Primary Amenorrhoea?
What is Primary Amenorrhoea?
Amenorrhoea may be a condition during which menstrual bleeding doesn’t happen . it's a traditional feature which happened at a time of pregnancy, pre puberty and post menopause. In females of reproductive age, amenorrhea is to work out the pregnancy. within the absence of pregnancy, the challenge is to seek out the explanation for absent menstrual periods.
In general, amenorrhea is that the failure of puberty onset or menstrual periods until the age of 16. within the presence of normal growth and secondary sexual characteristics. If the onset of puberty like an absence of breast development and menstrual doesn’t occur at the age of 13 then a workup for amenorrhea should be started.
In easy words, we could also say that it's a condition during which first periods never occurs. It might be problem with reproductive organs, ovaries, central systema nervosum , and pituitary also.
What are the kinds of Primary Amenorrhoea?
Primary amenorrhea is that the absence of menstrual periods in women aged 16. It could lead on to conditions like
Turner syndrome - in easy words it's a condition during which sex chromosomes in females are missing. It could also cause a spread of developmental problems like heart defects, ovaries didn’t get developed, short height. It could get diagnosed before birth or during childhood. Its signs at birth or during infancy are cardiac defects, short fingers and toes, slowed growth, broad chest with widely spaced nipples and etc.
Vaginal atresia - it's a condition during which the vagina is closed abnormally or absent in some cases.
Prader Willi syndrome - may be a genetic syndrome which is extremely rare and results in various physical, mental and behavior problems. Its symptoms may slowly change over time from childhood to adulthood. Infants have symptoms like poor muscular tonus , underdeveloped genitals, poor sucking reflex, and distinct countenance . aside from that, infancy to adulthood have problems like weight gain, craving, cognitive impairment, speech problems, sleep disorders, vision problems, hypopigmentation, and reduced saliva flow, etc.
Kallmann syndrome - it's a condition, during which an impaired sense of smell and absent puberty along side lack of production of certain hormones is seen. It could even be characterized by delayed puberty.
Imperforate hymen - hymen may be a thin membrane that stretches across vagina. In easy words, it's a membrane which seems like a hoop with alittle opening. It can teared by exercise or inserting a tampon could also tear it. hymen include symptoms like back pain, pelvic pain, constipation, lack of cycle aside from having other puberty signs like breast development and bush .
What is the foremost common explanation for primary amenorrhea?
Anyone who had the case history of delayed menstruation is one among the foremost common causes for amenorrhea . Genes condition that stops ovaries working properly like Turner syndrome and high levels of testosterone. It also includes -
Mullerian defects - it's a malformation of the reproductive organs, in it uterus and fallopian tubes aren’t formed as they ought to be.
Structure problem - there must be a genital structural problem by birth.
Mullerian agenesis syndrome - ovaries, breast, and clitoris are formed correctly, but there's no vaginal opening and cervix, uterus aren't properly formed.
What is the foremost common explanation for Secondary amenorrhea?
Pregnancy is that the most cause for amenorrhea . aside from that hypothalamic amenorrhea, ovaries, uterus or pituitary are other causes for the condition.
Elevated levels of prolactin - a prolactin , which is produced by a pituitary within the brain, wont to help women produce milk after childbirth. it's a sort of non cancerous tumor which produces high levels of prolactin. Its symptoms include headaches, visual defect , nursing, painful sexual activity , acne which is abnormal or abnormal growth of hair on the face and body.
Elevated levels of androgens - they're also called male hormones in women. Which circulates through bloodstreams and cause acne, hirsutism, weight gain, and infertility.
Polycystic ovary syndrome - it's a condition during which women produce normal than the upper amount of male hormones. This condition affects ovaries and ovulation by having cysts within the ovaries, irregular periods and high level of androgens. it's caused by inflammation, genes, and obesity. It affects the body by infertility, apnea , metabolic syndrome, endometrial carcinoma , and depression.
Early menopause - it's caused by genes, lifestyle factors, chromosome defects, autoimmune disorder , and epilepsy. it's symptoms like spotting, heavy bleeding, the amount after a year of no bleeding, periods longer than every week . It also has another symptoms like vaginal dryness, bladder control loss, hot flashes, trouble sleeping and lack of concupiscence .
Tumors - it's also called a pituitary tumor which is non cancerous and interferes with hormonal regulation of periods.
Hypothyroidism - just in case of hormonal imbalance this type of condition is seen. during which an underactive thyroid causes menstrual irregularities.
Asherman’s syndrome - it comes in structural problems, during which scars tissues are seen at the liner of the uterus. This problem results in amenorrhoea.
Vaginal abnormality - a membrane or wall may prevent visible bleeding thanks to obstruction.
Apart from that factors like eating disorders, training , case history , Hypothalamus are often suffering from extreme weight loss, severe illness, emotional or physical stress, etc. it also has complications like infertility and osteoporosis.
What are the symptoms of Primary Amenorrhoea?
The main symptom of amenorrhea is lack of menstrual periods, include -
Hair loss
Change in Vision
Additional facial hair
Headache
Discharge from nipple
Lack of breast development are few symptoms seen during a patient suffering from amenorrhea.
What are the treatment of Primary Amenorrhoea?
Treatment of amenorrhea depends upon the cause along side the patient's age and ovary function test. Its treatment results are seen after an extended period of your time . just in case lately menstrual periods case history , periods may occur on time.
In the case of physical or genetic problems, surgery is required. there's no guarantee for it also . within the treatment of amenorrhea , the goal is to alleviate from the symptoms like hormonal imbalance, achieve fertility, establishing menstruation is completed .